Intercompany Financial Management: An Essential Discipline for Multinational Corporations

whitePaper | January 19, 2023

Privacy is regarded as a crucial factor in the investigation and development of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC) and is therefore thoroughly researched by monetary authorities, academia, and the private sector. Academic research indicates that CBDC transactions may involve processing significant amounts of identity and transaction-related information (Lee et al., 2021), raising privacy concerns for future users. While there exist countless definitions for privacy, such as “the right to be left alone” (Warren and Brandeis, 1890), in this document, the definition of Nissenbaum (2010) - “the appropriate flow of information” - will be followed.

whitePaper | July 3, 2022

Founded in 1896, Barclays is among the world's oldest banks and enjoys the patronage of some of Europe's most profitable corporations. In 2021, Barclays claimed over 48 million customers, amassed over its 120+ year history. On the other hand, Revolut is a UK neobank that has acquired over 15 million account holders in less than a decade since its founding. These numbers are illustrative of a larger shift in the global banking system, with agile, digitally empowered financial service providers making inroads into mainstream banking territory. Currently, traditional banks, with their large product and service portfolios and legions of loyal customers, still hold the lion's share of the European banking market.

whitePaper | May 31, 2022

In 2015, the UN General Assembly formally established the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be addressed by 2030 and that same year, 195 countries committed to keep global warming to well below 2°C. An estimated $5-7 trillion a year of new investment is needed until 2030 to realise the SDGs globally, including investments into infrastructure, clean energy, water and sanitation and agriculture.

whitePaper | June 8, 2022

The non-cash payments typically constitute digital payments. The global payment landscape is rapidly changing and offers newer innovative solutions to retail and wholesale customers. As customers adopt these payment solutions, there is an increase in payments volume and value worldwide. Over the last few years, the global payments revenue has been growing consistently at 6-8% across geographies.

whitePaper | October 26, 2022

BaaS is reshaping how banks are looking at distributing their products and services. In the simplest fashion, it can be understood as the partnership model between banks and non-bank businesses and/or fintechs where the latter embeds the financial service into its core offering.

whitePaper | June 28, 2023

Central banks have different motivations for exploring or developing central bank digital currency (CBDC), and the demand for improved domestic and cross-border payment rails differs across jurisdictions. To help central banks in the planning and development of their CBDCs and to make sure that interoperable functionalities are considered in time, the central bank community should take steps at the beginning of the design process to include these considerations. Although this paper does not take a stance on the choice to issue a CBDC, it considers interoperability in a global future state where a CBDC may exist.